The third-largest bank said Monday that it has reduced its portfolio of unwanted assets to 9% of its overall assets, or $171 billion — down from $662 billion, or about 36% of its assets, in early 2009. That's when Chief Executive Vikram Pandit, trying to pull the bank from the brink of failure, created a "Citi Holdings" unit for businesses he planned to sell or wind down.
Since then, Citigroup has sold off student lending and insurance operations, and is in the process of unloading its stake in the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney joint venture. The bank has written off soured mortgages in Citi Holdings and decided to hold onto its private-label credit card lending portfolios, bringing that business back into its main Citicorp unit. With every quarterly earnings report, Citigroup has broken its results into "good bank" and "bad bank" segments, stressing the revenue and loan growth in Citicorp while downplaying the expected losses from businesses in Citi Holdings.
The split was less noticeable in some ways on Monday; Pandit said in the bank's third-quarter earnings press release that the bank in total "had positive operating leverage as Citi Holdings had a smaller impact on our overall results."
But while the Holdings unit has shrunk dramatically in the past three-and-a-half years, it will remain a drag on profits until it is wound down for good. In a conference call with analysts Monday, Citi executives said that they expect the unit to survive for the foreseeable future.
"There could become a point in time when it would shrink to such an extent that we wouldn't put it out as a separate segment. I don't see that timeframe in the near-term horizon," chief financial officer John Gerspach said.
In a later conference call with investors, Gerspach warned that more shrinkage of Citi Holdings would occur "likely at a slower pace than the third quarter."
Citigroup's slow-but-steady wind-down of the Holdings unit recently drew criticism from Sheila Bair, the former Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. chairman and author of the bailout-centric memoir "Bull By the Horns."
Citigroup is "better off but they're still just nursing a bad balance sheet … and that's what a sick bank does, they nurse their balance sheet and slowly get back to health," Bair said in an interview this month.
(Her book is apparently not a must-read among Citi executives. Asked during the call with reporters if he had read it, Gerspach said, "That's not something I'm considering right now.")
Despite its smaller size, the Holdings unit can still have a large impact on the overall bank. Citigroup's third-quarter results were clouded by a pre-tax charge of $4.7 billion resulting from the sale of a 14% stake in the Morgan Stanley Smith Barney venture. Citi Holdings lost $3.6 billion in the quarter, tripling its loss of a year earlier, due to the charge and other charges tied to the changing value of its debt. But excluding those charges, Citi Holdings' third-quarter loss shrank to $679 million.
The bank's overall third-quarter profit fell 88% from a year earlier to $468 million, or 15 cents per share. But excluding the charges and other special items, including a tax benefit, Citigroup beat analysts' expectations. It earned $1.06 per share instead of the 97 cents per share expected on average by 25 analysts surveyed by Bloomberg.
In heavy trading, Citi's shares were up 4.3% midday Monday, to $36.23.
The bank benefited from improving capital markets conditions, which helped boost its bond trading revenue 63% from a year earlier, to $3.7 billion for the quarter. Like JPMorgan Chase(JPM) and Wells Fargo (WFC), which both reported earnings on Friday, Citigroup's retail banking results were also boosted by mortgage revenue. Its North American consumer banking revenue grew 6% year over year, to $5.4 billion.
Citigroup expects "strong mortgage refinancing activity" to continue into at least the beginning of 2013, Gerspach said during a conference call with investors. Earlier, he told reporters that the bank is not trying to compete for a bigger share of the mortgage refinancing market.
