Passively managed products

Investors may be put off by the costs associated with these funds, which had an average expense ratio of more than triple their peers.

The leaders raked in a combined $949 billion over the past decade.

Some of the industry’s biggest players are taking a wait-and-see approach as active, non-transparent funds take their crucial first steps.

Cboe’s first new entry will be a suite of four volatility indexes with different tenors based on the iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF.

The ETF aims to track companies specializing in remote-working, learning and entertainment.

Fixed-income ETFs — for the most part — passed their first big test, but it was a roller-coaster ride along the way.

The pandemic has sealed the fate of small, niche offerings that have failed to gain traction.

The fund will track industries such as cloud technologies, remote communications and cyber security, according to an SEC filing.

Proponents have long touted the new structure as a way for the industry to compete with mutual funds.

Passive ETFs are often among the first to feel the pain of investors fleeing risky emerging markets for safer assets.