Fund performance

Managers of funds at Royce, Artisan and First Pacific Advisors took the three highest honors in Morningstar’s annual Fund Manager of the Year Award, for domestic stock, international stock and fixed income, respectively.

The average U.S. stock fund declined 37.9% in 2008, slightly worse than the Dow Jones Industrial Average’s 33.8% loss. It was the Dow’s worst year since 1931, when it declined by more than 50%. Meanwhile, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index fell 37%, its worst performance since 1937.

In recent years, smart investors have diversified their portfolios into alternative investments such as real estate and commodities, to buoy their holdings in times of market stress. But 2008 proved to be an anomaly, with those asset classes falling right down along with stocks. The average real estate and commodity mutual fund fell 40% to 50% last year, The Wall Street Journal reports.

More than 40 inverse exchange-traded funds run by Rydex Investments and ProFunds are passing on sizable capital gains to investors. For those who hold those funds in taxable accounts, the taxes they will owe will range from 50% to even as high as 80% of assets, The Wall Street Journal reports.

Renaissance Institutional Futures, a $3 billion hedge fund run by James Simons, is foregoing management fees for 2009 as a response to poor performance in 2008.

Long-term U.S. government funds yielded 22.5% in the fourth quarter of 2008, for a three-month performance of 27.1% year to date, according to data from Morningstar Inc., as investors flocked to safety.

Among my predictions for 2008 was the subpoenaing of Eliot Spitzer's e-mails to prove his smear campaign against New York State Republican Majority Leader Joseph Bruno. And we all know what happened to the disgraced former governor of New York.

While the news about the economy and the markets continues to be bad, some in the business are taking heart.

Most executives wouldn't consider themselves "fortunate" if they took over one of the largest fund companies weeks before an historic market collapse.

Three months ago, financial experts were concerned that the Securities and Exchange Commission was on the verge of eliminating or making major revisions to 12b-1 fees for marketing and distributing mutual funds. A lot has happened since then.

Mutual fund managers Tom Forester and David Ellison stood out from the crowd last year with the two best-performing funds, even though they both lost money in 2008.The Forester Value Fund was down 0.82% for the year, thanks to investments in stocks that typically do well during recessions, such as Kraft Foods Inc., Johnson & Johnson and H.J. Heinz Co. The average decline for the year in the value fund category was 38%, according to Morningstar Inc.Ellison's FBR Small Cap Financial Fund was second among financial sector funds, losing just 10% of its value, compared to an average decline of 45% in its category.While Forester and Ellison may want to adjust their portfolios as market conditions improve, they are continuing to attract new clients and new assets for now. Forester said his fund's assets have grown fivefold in 2008 to $55 million."I'll probably be in some of the same stocks for the first six months or so of 2009," Forester told the Associated Press. "And then as I see things getting better, I'm going to shift out of the real defensive things, and get more constructive on the more cyclical stocks that can grow quite well as we come out of this period."Ellison's fund is invested primarily in low-risk small banks and in cash. He said he plans to keep it there until the economy starts to show broader signs of recovery."I think unaffordable mortgages are still going to chew on the economy for a while," he said.

A 38% drop in the Standard & Poor's 500 index last year seems almost rosy compared to the abysmal performance of three big mutual funds that all lost more than 60%.Legg Mason heavyweight manager Bill Miller - who once beat the S&P 15 years in a row - has gone from best to worst, with his Legg Mason Opportunity Trust fund down a staggering 65% for the year.According to Morningstar Inc., the second-worst performer was the Winslow Green Growth Fund, down 61%, followed by the Legg Mason Growth Trust fund, down 60%."[Miller] continued to try to position the fund for a recovery," Morningstar fund analyst Greg Carlson told The Wall Street Journal, adding that Miller kept holding on to stock in Amazon (down 45%), Expedia (down 74%) and Yahoo (down 48%) as well as Freddie Mac and American International Group Inc.Winslow manager Jack Robinson said the fund's losses were due to its concentrated portfolio and focus on green energy companies."We also made a couple of mistakes," Robinson said. "We stayed with some companies that had sound fundamentals but which had debt. We're going to be sticking with our investment philosophy for the long term."Morningstar's analysts are optimistic that Legg Mason's Growth fund, managed by Robert Hagstrom, is well positioned for an upswing in the markets, whenever that happens."Legg Mason Growth will soar again," Morningstar senior fund analyst Bridget Hughes. "We're confident that the fund will perform well in an upswing. In fact, since mid-November, it has gained more than 7.5%, putting it near the category's top."The staff of Money Management Executive ("MME") has prepared these capsule summaries based on reports published by the news sources to which they are attributed. Those news sources are not associated with MME, and have not prepared, sponsored, endorsed, or approved these summaries.

Despite the rough economy in 2008, U.S. households continued to place their trust and their investments with mutual funds, according to a study by the Investment Company Institute."2008 marked the fifth consecutive year of growth in mutual fund-owning households," said Sarah Holden, ICI Senior Director of Retirement and Investor Research. "The survey finds about 4 million investors were added to mutual fund ownership ranks in 2008-up to 92 million from 88.2 million in 2007."Shareholder views of mutual funds continued to track stock market performance, with favorability declining from 77% in 2007 to 73% in 2008, and "more seasoned" investors tended to give mutual funds higher ratings than younger investors did.

Regulators at the Securities and Exchange Commission issued a report to Congress on Tuesday that supports maintaining mark-to-market rules, rejecting a push from the banking industry to suspend the rules.Critics of the rules say the regulations mandate write-downs and don't reflect the true value of some assets, particularly mortgage-linked assets that could increase in value in time.The SEC said suspending the rules would weaken transparency and ultimately hurt investors and the capital markets.

It started badly on the tail end of the subprime crisis that began in the fall of 2007 and managed to get worse when catastrophic third-quarter results poured in, sending many of the biggest financial services firms straight down the crapper.The question is, where do we go from here?Analysts say the next year is going to be tough for advisers."What's an adviser to do?" said Kenneth Kehrer, the director of consulting at Kehrer-Limra in Princeton, N.J. "How can he encourage clients not to cash out their holdings when all the adviser's advice is proving wrong?"Advisers "are still sticking to theories, the experience and wisdom of the profession, while clients are losing confidence in them," Kehrer said. "We're all waiting for a comeback, but in the meantime financial advisers just look foolish. The tenets of diversification and rebalancing are shaken."It's small consolation that this is a crisis of confidence for everyone. No one really knows what's going to happen from one minute to the next, and no one knows when the crisis will end. The current consensus is pointing to anywhere from the end of the first quarter to early 2010.And at the same time advisers are trying to calm clients, their business may be shifting as the biggest banks digest their acquisitions and smaller banks try to accommodate a growing client base.One thing for advisers to remember is that the needs of clients and prospects haven't changed just because the market has — they still need to retire and put their kids through college. Sure, the conversations are more difficult now that everyone's problems are magnified, but financial consultants must man up, said Heywood Sloane, managing director of the Bank Insurance and Securities Association. "Advisers can either do these people a service or they can run and hide," he said. "Those advisers who choose to help will be remembered when all this is over."In the meantime, advisers can add value to client conversations by explaining the problem as it evolves. For example, Sloane said, market volatility unseen since the Great Depression is driven partly by the fact that no one knows what anything is supposed to cost at the moment, and so every purchase is an emotional response that makes the markets unpredictable.Sloane said housing will eventually lead the country out of this recession. Current and anticipated foreclosures are forcing housing prices down, and eventually the cost of a house will get low enough that a prospective homeowner will buy."Until we get a net decline in population, there will always be an increase in demand for resources, so the housing market will stabilize at some point," Sloane said. "You can help clients understand their options by helping them gain knowledge."Chip Roame, a managing principal of Tiburon Advisors in Tiburon, Calif., said banks "will definitely hire more financial advisers."But advisers who were planning their own retirements have to drink the same poison as their clients. Retirement just isn't an option right now. Even independent advisers who sold their books to banks in order to retire and live off the proceeds are suffering. Now that their assets are reduced and clients might be a flight risk, their books hold less value.

The Securities and Exchange Commission has received an emergency court order to halt a suspected Ponzi scheme targeted to Haitian-American investors.

The Timothy Plan, a Christian mutual fund family that shuns video games, has published an extensive and descriptive list of video games that promote violence and sex.

The personal fortunes of the 1,000 wealthiest people in Britain have tumbled by more than 50% in 2008, according to the 2009 Sunday Times Rich List.

Global research firm Morningstar has acquired U.K.-based Tenfore Systems, a privately owned provider of market data feeds and technology, for $20.9 million.

A consortium comprised of New York investment firms J.C. Flowers & Co., Dune Capital Management and Paulson & Co. is set to acquire distressed IndyMac Bancorp, according to published reports.