ORLANDO, Florida — Advisors, along with other business owners such as doctors, dentists and lawyers, are increasingly turning to cash balance plans to slash their taxes while supercharging their retirement savings.
Cash balance plans provide workers with a defined-benefit plan while giving employers more flexibility on contributions, John Ceparano, a CFP and principal and wealth manager with Modera Wealth Management in Inverness, Florida, said at last month’s NAPFA Fall Conference. Business owners with cash flow also use them to reduce their tax liability.
The plans allow entrepreneurs to defer their income taxes and qualify for lower tax brackets by placing funds into the plans. Employers do not need to pay a particular amount into the plans each year, so long as they satisfy a set lump-sum requirement for overall funding of the plans.
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“They can drastically reduce taxes for the owners on a corporate and personal level, depending on the way you have your business set up,” Ceparano saud. “They can accelerate your retirement savings, especially for older people when they have not had a chance to accumulate those earnings.”
DEFINED BENEFITS WITH 401(k) TRAITS
The plans’ set-up as pools of funds from employers and employees, rather than individual 401(k) accounts, helps the older employees catch up on lost time, Ceparano said.
However, like 401(k)s, cash balance plans state the benefit as an account balance, rather than as monthly income.
Although traditional DB plans have been dying out, cash balance plans jumped 1,035% between 2001 and 2014 to 15,178 plans with assets of more than $1 trillion, according to retirement plan firm Kravitz.
As of 2014, those plans included 12.3 million participants.
Dental and medical offices, financial services firms and law practices have adopted them most widely, a 2016
Used in combination with a 401(k) and a profit-sharing plan, cash balance plans can save business owners hundreds of thousands of dollars in some cases, Ceparano said.
Doctors and lawyers who have paid off their student loans, bought their family houses and provided for their kids’ education make ideal candidates for the strategy, he said in a presentation at the NAPFA conference.
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“They finally get to a point where the cash flow starts rolling in,” Ceparano said, noting that the clients’ typical age range is between 45 and 55. “You’re going to need to know, what are these other ways that we can defer these taxes and keep them in a lower bracket right now?”
ADVISORS ALSO CLIENTS
Advisors who are considering a cash balance plan for their practices or their clients’ business will need to work with an actuary on means-testing and other technical issues, said Bill Prewitt, a CFP and the founder and principal of Charleston (South Carolina) Financial Advisors.
The combination of a cash balance plan with a 401(k) works well, said Prewitt, who started a cash balance plan at his registered investment advisory firm about seven years ago.
"I’ve been using this combination as a way of tracking equity for my firm in a very tax-efficient manner and using it as part of a transition plan to my younger partners,” he told NAPFA members following Ceparano’s presentation. “So this stuff is very, very powerful.”
This story is part of a 30-30 series on navigating the growing world of choices for clients. It was originally published on Oct. 20.
