“The market is actually using proxies for understanding ESG data,” says BlackRock’s global head of sustainable investing.

Equity funds tracking the sector are the second-most popular asset class after U.S. government bonds this year, BNP Paribas says.

As the sector grows to over $30 trillion in Europe, North America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, one popular approach consists of excluding offenders.

The decommissioning of redundant measures outweighed the creation of new benchmarks, according to a new report from the Index Industry Association.

Among the honors this year by NICSA are awards for operational excellence, and advances in product development and technology.

Studies purport to have proven both that socially responsible investing hurts returns, and that it can boost performance.

Cash flow has subsided and market conditions have changed since the fund was closed to most new accounts in 2016.

The strategies will invest in corporate bonds and large companies that issue high dividends, or have a growth or value tilt, documents show.

The firms broke with Climate Action 100+, a group of money managers overseeing more than $33 trillion, during this proxy season.

Digital firms are launching platforms to cater to faith-based investors.